Facts About the History of Abacus

 Facts About the History of Abacus

Even though most of us know that the abacus is a counting device, which can be used to perform simple mathematical calculations, like addition and subtraction, not many of us can boast about knowing who invented it. In fact, the history of this device is one of the most contentious issues, such that even the historians are left divided over it. There is no consensus whatsoever on who invented the abacus, or when it was invented for that matter.

History of the Abacus ---
While numbers do make the task of counting a lot easier, the practice of using the number system came into existence only a few centuries ago. So how were the people able to count without using numbers in the ancient times? Human fingers were perhaps the oldest tools used for counting, and they were quite useful, until the problem of counting large figures surfaced. In order to make this task convenient, ancient scientists tried to invent tools that could aid mathematical calculations. The abacus was one such tool which was used to count large numbers―a task which was considered quite daunting back then.

Before the abacus came into the picture, people used various methods of counting, ranging from simple ones like drawing lines in the sand, to complex wooden or metallic tablets, such as the Salamis tablet used by Babylonians in 300 BC. The abacus, in its present form appeared in China in the 13th century. It was known as suan-pan or 2/5 abacus, and had two segments, with the upper segment sporting two beads on each rod and the lower segment sporting 5 on each. The design was eventually modified and several new variants of abacus were introduced, including the Japanese abacus, Korean abacus, etc. The latest version of this classic device, the Lee Kai-chen Abacus was introduced by Lee Kai-chen in 1958. If Lee is to be believed, this abacus made calculations involving division and multiplication even more simple owing to its unique design.

Some More Facts ---
Additionally, there seems to be a great deal of confusion about the meaning and use of the device. Even though the abacus and counting board, both were used as aids for counting in the ancient times, they are not the same. In case of counting boards, beads or stones were moved between carved or painted lines to perform calculations. In abacus, on the other hand, beads or stones were slid along the metallic or wooden rods in order to perform these calculations.

Similarly, some people tend to associate abacus with the history of computer, in order to suggest that it was the first computer. That, however, makes little sense when you take into consideration the fact that the abacus only acts as a counting aid; it's the human mind that performs all the calculations involved. As for the computer, or calculator for that matter, you just need to feed the data and calculations will be carried out by the device on its own.

The history of abacus has always been an issue of debate among historians. While most of the historians are of the opinion that it was an ancient Chinese invention, others trace it to Europe, from where―they say―it was eventually introduced to the east.

For more details please Contact Us....... Perfect Academy....... 08820998099.

Abacus Math Develops Students Personality

 Abacus Math Develops Students Personality 

It is a question in every parents mind that does Abacus Math develops students personality or not ?? Abacus Math for personality development ? Appropriate question , as parents have the right to know whether Abacus learning is best for their kids or not? Nowadays you can see that abacus classes popularity is growing day by day. In this modern age where computers and calculators are using in every field but still Abacus learning has its own importance. The popularity towards Abacus is growing as now parents are more concerned about their kids math ability. As math ability is directly connected with  so many fields which can improve their personality and passion towards so many fields. Many ways to join so attractive courses are automatically open when anyone is perfect in Math. Academic performance of kids also improved when they join Abacus classes.
   

     Scientific evidences shows that concentration power, calculating power, thinking power and decision making power are the points which attract parents to join their kids Abacus Math Classes. Abacus Math is a program of after-school math enrichment program through which a student can improve focus, concentration & confidence. Our sum should be to build strong math skill, confidence and creating a love for math. Abacus is best for the age group of 4-12 . This is the best age group as students can easily relate themselves to learn Math by manipulating the beads of Abacus and learn Addition, Subtraction, multiplication & division. After a lot of practice under a trained teacher kids perform calculation mentally, which is the ultimate aim of learning Abacus Math. Complicated Mathematical problems can be solved very easily and quickly by just learning Abacus. 

  So in short, personality can be developed if children will be confident. As the confidence level is increased if kids can solve Math problems without taking anyone’s help. It also affects the decision making power as smart or confident person can take any decision without any fear.

Introduction of Abacus

 Introduction of Abacus

The abacus is a mechanical aid used for counting; it is not a calculator in the sense we use the word today.

Anatomy & Construction :
The standard abacus can be used to perform addition, subtraction, division and multiplication; the abacus can also be used to extract square-roots and cubic roots. The beads are manipulated with either the index finger or the thumb of one hand.

The abacus is typically constructed of various types of hardwoods and comes in varying sizes. The frame of the abacus has a series of vertical rods on which a number of wooden beads are allowed to slide freely. A horizontal beam separates the frame into two sections, known as the upper deck and the lower deck.

ABACUS PARTS :
The various parts of the abacus are identified here: the frame, the beam, the beads and rods and the upper and lower decks.


Preparation & Bead Values :

PREPARING THE ABACUS:
 The abacus is prepared for use by placing it flat on a table and pushing all the beads on both the upper and lower decks away from the beam by sliding the thumb along the beam.

BEAD VALUES: 
Each bead in the upper deck has a value of 5; each bead in the lower deck has a value of 1.
Beads are considered counted, when moved towards the Beam— the piece of the abacus frame that separates the two decks.

Counting :
After 5 beads are counted in the lower deck, the result is "carried" to the upper deck; after both beads in the upper deck are counted, the result is then carried to the left-most adjacent column.

The right-most column is the ones column; the next adjacent to the left is the tens column; the next adjacent to the left is the hundreds column, and so on. Floating point calculations are performed by designating a space between 2 columns as the decimal-point and all the rows to the right of that space represent fractional portions while all the rows to the left represent whole number digits.

Abacus Applet:
 Numeric representation of the number: 87,654,321. If your browser is Java-capable then the applet, above, will identify the parts of the abacus in your browser's status-area as you move your mouse-pointer over it; the beads will move when you click on them and the value of each column will be displayed on the top frame.
Referring to the Figure/Applet above, the third column, representing the number 8, is counted with 1 bead from the top-deck and 3 beads from the bottom-deck ; the sum of the column is 8.

Similarly, the fourth column representing the number 7, is counted with 1 bead from the top-deck and 2 beads from the bottom-deck; the sum of the column is 7.

Technique :
Proper finger technique is paramount in achieving proficiency on the abacus. With a Chinese abacus, the thumb and the index finger together with the middle finger are used to manipulate the beads. Beads in lower deck are moved up with the thumb and down with the index finger. In certain calculations, the middle finger is used to move beads in the upper deck.

The Java version of the abacus is a limited simulation of the real device because the fingering technique is completely obfuscated by the mouse. Abacus Apps on touch-screen tablets are better simulations. With a real abacus, constant practice is indispensable in achieving virtuosity in calculating speed.

Finger Technique:
 A Japanese textbook published in 1954 shows the proper technique for moving the beads. It shows the thumb being used to count beads in the lower deck and the index finger being used in all other cases.
With the Japanese version, only the index finger and thumb are used. The beads are moved up with the thumb and down with the index finger. However, certain complex operations require that the index finger move beads up; e.g. adding 3 to 8.

For more details please Contact Us....... Perfect Academy....... 08820998099.

Preschooler Teaching to Division

Preschooler Teaching to Division 

Using Manipulatives ---

            You basically use the same approach to teaching division preschooler age, preschooler activites. Give your child 3 toy characters and 6 Cheerios and ask them to give each character the same number. They can do this easily by giving one to each toy at a time. Ask them how many Cheerios each toy received. Then say 6 Cheerios divided among 3 toys is 2. And 6 divided by 3 equals 2. Sweep your finger over the 6 Cheerios as you say 6. And over the 3 toys as you say 3. And then point to a group of 2 when you say two.

                

Do Problems on Paper ---

           Come up with simple problems to do on paper. Have your child draw the problem if they would like to. For example, draw 3 baskets and 6 apples on a tree. Tell your child that he or she needs to put the same number of apples into each basket. Have them cross out an apple on the tree each time they draw one in a basket. When your child has finished ask them how many apples are in each basket. Write 6 ÷ 3 = 2. Point to the 6 and explain that this represents the 6 apples that were on the tree. Point to the 3 and explain that this represents the 3 baskets. Point to the 2 and explain that this represents the number of apples in each basket.

Teach Kids Math in Abacus

 Teach Kids Math in Abacus 

There are many ways to teach numbers and math to kids. Some can be fun and exciting and some can be just plain boring. The abacus is a calculating tool that may be as old as 2700–2300 BC. It has been used for centuries and is still widely used by merchants, traders, and clerks in Asia, Africa, and elsewhere. It also happens to be a great tool to teach numbers and arithmetic to kids. It has colorful beads to make learning exciting and fun while reinforcing concepts through the child's sense of touch.

The abacus is also great because it can be used to teach simple math—like counting, addition, and subtraction—as well as more complex operations like multiplication and division. It can even be used to work with fractions and to find square and cube roots. Below you will find various techniques to teach math with an abacus.
Things you need :
Abacus tool
Your eager-to-learn child ---
It's best if, in each row, the beads are divided by color into two groups of five as they are in the picture above. If not, the Melissa & Doug Classic Wooden Abacus, which you can purchase below, works perfectly too.

Each abacus contains 100 beads andis appropriate for children ages three and up. Children love to play with the abacus because of its amazing color and texture. You can buy one at any toy store or online.

How to Teach Counting with an Abacus ---
There are a number of games to play on an abacus that can help develop a child's numeracy.
Match My Move. Begin in a "starting position," with the beads on every row all on the same side. Then, on the top row, move any number of beads to the other side of the frame and ask your child to match your "move" on the row below. You can mix this is up with repeating pattern arrangements, in which the 10 beads are arranged in different groupings that your child also matches.
Counting Game. From the starting position, move a number of beads from one side to the other. Then ask your child to count how many beads you moved, and then how many beads you left.
Both of these games help kids become better counters and help them grasp the principles that will help them with addition and subtraction.

17 & 21 Rods Automatic Clearing Student Abacus

17 & 21 Rods Automatic Clearing Student Abacus

17 Rods Automatic Clearing Student Abacus offered are high performance based Automatic Student Abacus that efficiently meet the mental math learning needs by students as well as understanding the instructions of teacher in abacus classes. It comes with easy to understand automatic working interface which makes it most preferred learning choice by kids for practicing of abacus sums. Further, the system also offers teachers desired support of a new, fresh and unmatched tool for students of their abacus classes. The system comes with automatic zero setting provision that assists students in saving up to 50% of the time while moving to the next question.

Features :
High performance based Automatic Student Abacus that comes with 17 Rods Automatic Clearing.
As an exclusive offering, the instrument allows for efficiently meeting the demands of learning by students and understanding the instructions of abacus teacher in abacus classes.
Its easy to understand automatic working interface makes it the most preferred learning choice by kids for practicing abacus sums.
Offering teachers support of a new, fresh and unmatched tool for students of their abacus classes.
Allows students to maintain the demands of speed and accuracy.
Its automatic zero setting provision assists students in saving up to 50% of the time while moving to the next question.
Avoids the needs of manual clearing.
Features new easy to handle friendly and stylish designs.
Helps students who are learning abacus to maintain their focus on calculation and fast results.
Its automatic zero support helps in saving nearly 5 to 12 seconds of time when a child is getting ready for its next question in classroom.
Helps in maintaining optimum balance between children's practice time, focus, concentration and interest in the subject.
It just requires a click of button to immediately get set to zero position.
Its easy to use interface allows children to practice more in less time as well as effectively handle the needs of doing mental arithmetic visually.

21 Rods Automatic Clearing Student Abacus offered comprises 21 Rods Automatic Clearing and is highly preferred both by students as well as abacus teachers in abacus classes. Its easy working interface also makes it first and most preferred choice for practicing abacus sums. This student Abacus offers support as new, fresh and unmatched tool for Math calculation purposes where these provide for desired speed and accuracy to Abacus arithmetic operations. Further, these also allow children to save around 50% of time in moving to next question as the instrument comes with automatic setting to zero.

Features :
Expertise in offering customers Automatic Student Abacus.
Student Abacus coming with 21 Rods Automatic Clearing.
Highly preferred both by students as well as abacus teachers in abacus classes.
Easy working interface offered makes it first and most preferred choice for practicing abacus sums.
Student Abacus offering support as new, fresh and unmatched tool for Math calculation purposes.
Providing desired speed and accuracy to Abacus arithmetic operations.
Allowing children to save around 50% of time in moving to next question as the instrument comes with automatic setting to zero.
Helps in avoiding the needs of manual clearing.
Superior tool design that assists in overcoming the issues of manual calculation.
Featuring friendly and stylish designs.
Allows student to maintain his focus on calculation and fast result with fast figure movement while handling sums in classrooms.
Helps in saving around 5 to 12 seconds that is utilized by student in getting ready for its next question on abacus.
Helps in optimally utilizing students time as well as maintain his focus, concentration and interest.
Being automatic in usage, this abacus sets back to zero with just a click of button.
Assists students to practice more in less time as well as enhance their capabilities to handle needs of mental arithmetic visually.

For more details please Contact Us....... Perfect Academy....... 08820998099.

Teaching System in Abacus

 Teaching System in Abacus

The #abacus is a deceptively simple #calculating tool still used all over the world. It's a useful learning device for the visually impaired, as well as for anyone who wants to learn the roots of the modern calculator. After learning the basics of counting on the abacus, you can quickly perform arithmetic like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.

#Counting

 1 Orient your abacus properly--- Each column in the top row should have one or two beads per row, while each column in the bottom row should have four. When you start, all of the beads should be up in the top row, and down in the bottom row. The beads in the top row represent the number value 5 and each bead in the bottom row represents the number value 1.

  2 Assign each column a place value--- As on a modern calculator, each column of beads represents a "place" value from which you build a numeral. So, the farthest column on the right would be the "ones" place, the second farthest the "tens" place, the third farthest the hundreds, and so on.

You can also assign some columns to be decimal places if necessary.

For example, if you are representing a number like 10.5, then the furthest right column would be the tenths place, the second column would be the ones place, and the third column the tens place.

Likewise, to represent a number like 10.25, the furthest right column would be the hundredths place, the second column would be the tenths place, the third the ones place, and the fourth the tens place.

  3 Start counting with the beads in the lower row--- To count a digit, push one bead to the "up" position. "One" would be represented by pushing a single bead from the bottom row in the farthest column on the right to the "up" position, "two" by pushing two, etc.

You'll find it easiest to use your thumb to move the beads in the top row, and your index finger to move the beads in the bottom row.

   4 Complete the "4/5 exchange.”--- Since there are only four beads on the bottom row, to go from "four" to "five," you push the bead on the top row to the "down" position and push all four beads from the bottom row down. The abacus at this position is correctly read "five." To count "six," push one bead from the bottom row up, so the bead in the top row is down and one bead from the bottom row is up.

  5 Repeat the pattern for higher numbers--- The process is essentially the same across the abacus. Go from "nine," in which all the beads in the ones place are pushed up and the bead in the top row is pushed down, to "ten," in which a single bead from the bottom row of the tens place is pushed up.

For example, 11 would have one bead in the second column pushed up, and another in the first column pushed up, all on the bottom row. Twelve would have one in the second column and two in the first column, all pushed up, and all on the bottom row.

Two hundred and twenty six would have two in the third column pushed up in the bottom row, and two in the second column pushed up in the bottom row. In the first column, one bead on the bottom row would be pushed up, and the bead on the top row would be pushed down.

#Adding and #Subtracting

   1 Input your first number--- Say you've got to add 1234 and 5678. Enter 1234 on the abacus by pushing up four beads in the ones place, three in the tens place, two in the hundreds place, and one in the thousands place.

2 Start adding from the left--- The first numbers you'll add are the 1 and the 5 from the thousands place, in this case moving the single bead from the top row of that column down to add the 5, and leaving the lower bead up for a total of 6. Likewise, to add 6 in the hundreds place, move the top bead in the hundreds place down and one bead from the bottom row up to get a total of 8.

   3 Complete an exchange--- Since adding the two numbers in the tens place will result in 10, you'll carry over a 1 to the hundred place, making it a 9 in that column. Next, put all the beads down in the tens place, leaving it zero.

In the ones column, you'll do essentially the same thing. Eight plus 4 equals 12, so you'll carry the one over to the tens place, making it 1. This leaves you with 2 in the ones place.

   4 Count your beads to get the answer--- You're left with a 6 in the thousands column, a 9 in the hundreds, a 1 in the tens, and a 2 in the ones: 1,234 + 5,678 = 6,912.

#Multiplying

   1 Record the problem on the abacus--- Start at the farthest left column of the abacus. Say you're multiplying 34 and 12. You need to assign columns to "3", "4", "X", "1", "2", and "=". Leave the rest of the columns to the right open for your product.

The “X” and “=” will be represented by blank columns.

The abacus should have 3 beads up in the farthest column left, four up in the next farthest, a blank column, a column with one bead up, two beads up in the next, and another blank column. The rest of the columns are open.

  2 Multiply by alternating columns--- The order here is critical. You need to multiply the first column by the first column after the break, then the first column by the second column after the break. Next, you'll multiply the second column before the break by the first column after the break, then the second column before the break by the second column after the break.

If you are multiplying larger numbers, keep the same pattern: start with the leftmost digits, and work to the right.

  3 Record the products in the correct order--- Start recording in the first answer column, after the blank one for the “=” sign. You will keep moving beads on the right hand portion of the abacus as you multiply the individual digits. For the problem 34 x 12:

First, multiply 3 and 1, recording their product in the first answer column. Push three beads up in that seventh column.

Next, multiply the 3 and the 2, recording their product in the eighth column. Push one bead from the upper section down, and one bead from the lower section up.

When you multiply the 4 and the 1, add that product to the eighth column, the second of the answer columns. Since you're adding a 4 to a 6 in that column, carry one bead over to the first answer column, making a 4 in the seventh column and a 0 in the eighth.

Record the product of the last two digits 4 and 2, in the last of the answer columns. They should now read 4, blank, and 8, making your answer 408.

#Dividing

   1 Leave space for your answer to the right of the divisor and the dividend--- When dividing on an abacus, you will put the divisor in the left-most column. Leave a couple blank columns to the right, then put the dividend in the columns next to those. The remaining columns to the right will be used to do the work leading to the answer. Leave those blank for now.

For example, to divide 34 by 2, count 2 in the left-most column, leave two blank columns, then put 34 over to the right. Leave the other columns blank for the answer section.

To do this, push two lower beads from the bottom portion up in the left-most column. Leave the next two columns alone. In the fourth column, push three beads from the bottom portion up. In the fifth column from the left, push four beads from the bottom portion up.

The blank columns between the divisor and the dividend are just to visually separate the numbers so you don't lose track of what's what.

  2 Record the quotient--- Divide the first number in the dividend by the divisor, and put it in the first blank column in the answer section. Two goes into 3 once, so record a 1 there.

To do this, push one bead from the bottom portion up in the first column of the answer section.

If you like, you can skip a column between the dividend and the columns you want to use for the answer section. This can help you distinguish between the dividend and the work you do as you calculate.

    3 Determine the remainder--- Next, you need to multiply the quotient in the first answer section column by the dividend in column one to determine the remainder. This product needs to be subtracted from the first column of the dividend. The dividend should now read 14.

To make the dividend read 14, push two of the bottom portion beads currently pushed up to the center bar at the fifth column back down to their starting position. Only one bead in the lower portion of the fifth column should remain pushed up to the center bar.

  4 Repeat the process--- Record the next digit of the quotient in the next blank column of the answer section, subtracting the product from the dividend. Your board should now read 2, followed by blank columns, then 1, 7, showing your divisor and the quotient, 17.

Two beads from the bottom portion of the left most column will be pushed up to the center bar.

This will be followed by several blank columns.

One bead from the bottom portion of the first answer section column will be pushed to the center bar.

In the next answer section column, two beads from the bottom portion will be pushed up to the center bar, and the bead from the top portion will be pushed down to it.

Student Abacus - Automatic

Student Abacus - Automatic 

We are expert high quality manufacturers to manufacture Student Abacus of excellent quality. We are suppliers, wholeseller and even retail sale our all kinds Student Abacus including Automatic Student Abacus with Reset-Button and Normal Manual Clearing Student Abacus. We manufacture minimum 13 Rods or 17 Rods or 21 Rods Student Abacus, as we believe in no compromises in standards and quality in Education.

Abacus is a unique innovation with lots of benefits for students to Learn Abacus Math. A child who is learning abacus is suppose to focus on calculation and fast result with fast fingure movement in classrooms but practically a student is equally busy in wasting his time in setting the abacus to zero position after every next answers. 

Nearly 5 to 12 seconds are utilised when a child is getting ready for its next question on abacus while in classroom. This actually kills children's time of practice, focus, concentration and interest regularly. But with automatic abacus with a click of a reset button, abacus immediatly sets to zero position and student are ready and moving to the next question in no time.

Why 21 Rods Abacus?
"The number of rods in a soroban is always odd and never less than nine. Basic models usually have thirteen rods, but the number of rods on practical or standard models often increases to 21, 23, 27 or even 31, thus allowing calculation of more digits or representations of  several different numbers at the same time. Each rod represents a digit, and a larger number of rods allows the representation of  more digits, either in singular form or during operations."

We offer Automatic Student Abacus. Student Abacus is an exclusive offering by 1Abacus to the students and abacus teacher for their students and abacus classes. We manufacture and supply this tool across the world. This Student Abacus once picked up by a kid learning abacus become its first choice for practicing abacus sums. You choose this Student Abacus as a teacher for students of your abacus classes, you have to offer new, fresh and unmatched tool from your desk. Abacus arithmetic operations are all about speed and accuracy. Children save most of times 50% of the time in moving to the next question, due to automatic setting of abacus to zero. 

Manual clearing has always been a trouble with girls to harm their nails. Small kids have soft hand, so they feel uneasy when it come to setting the abacus to its zero position. This great tool overcomes all that in a new most friendly and stylish design. A child who is learning abacus is suppose to focus on calculation and fast result with fast figure movement in classrooms but practically a student is equally busy in wasting his time in setting the abacus to zero position after every next answers. 

Nealy 5 to 12 seconds are utilized when a child is getting ready for its next question on abacus while in classroom. This actually kills children's time of practice, focus, concentration and interest regularly. But with automatic abacus with a click of button abacus immediately gets set to zero position and student are ready and moving to the next question in no time. This helps children to practice more in less time to mental arithmetic visually, allows them to save time for other activities at home while practicing, give them the feeling of unique abacus with them.

For more details please Contact Us....... Perfect Academy....... 08820998099.

Teacher Abacus / Master Abacus

Teacher Abacus / Master Abacus

A Master Abacus or A Teacher Abacus is a large sized Abacus similar to of a Student Abacus but can be used either ways i.e. vertically or horizontally on a table. Abacus Classes is a group of students meeting the Abacus Teacher at a regular interval for learnig the techniques of Abacus Math for Fast and Accurate Mental Math. Abacus Teacher use various aids for teaching kids like Master Abacus, Teacher Abacus, Flash Cards, Fingure Abacus to train and teach them Abacus operations of Addition, Subtraction, Mulitiplication, Division etc. Master Abacus and Teacher Abacus is one of the main tools used by the Abacus Teachers to brain train Abacus Students for showing and displaying the Abacus Math methods in an Abacus Math Classroom Activity. Children learning Abacus find it easy and practical to understand the methods while the Abacus Teacher show them it on Master Abacus and Teacher Abacus.

We manufacture, supply and distribute super speciality Master Abacus, Teacher Abacus used as Display Abacus for teaching kids the woderfull teachniques of Abacus Arithmetic Operation for Abacus Math Classes. The size is suitable to handle classroom of upto 18 kids/children. Our specially designed Master Abacus / Teacher Abacus is a jewellery for an Abacus Teacher. Our designed master piece brings grace to your classroom and teacher presentations etc.

What role does a pen hold for an writer in his pocket or a Tie for a Chairperson of company on his shirt or Jewellery for Female at a Party? You can imagine what is the utility of having the best of these at these times.

So is the beauty of a Master Abacus for an Abacus Trainers in its classrrom or when it comes to presentation to parents & tecahers. The Master Abacus design and presentation is unique in its own and is developed to give you the best looks to impress your opposite when you need it the most.

For more details please Contact Us....... Perfect Academy....... 08820998099.